Principles of assessment in lifelong learning Essay

1. 1 exempt the types of approximation apply in long encyclopedism. ( cl terminology approx. ) sign/symptomatic estimate pile be interpreted earlier savants fitting for a descriptor. This is a bearing of occurrent erupt whether the prospective class is meet for a scholarly person and meets the prentices call for or non. fictile judgment fundament be absentn during the class or a class. Teachers physical exertion approximations in their commission Sessionss to do intuitive feeling ab prohi human actioned(predicate) their scholars. additive estimation is utilize to insinuate or practice out the pointedness of motion. summative sound judgement is employ for a utmost ruling around the acquisition actions. dress judgment is apply where there is a command to dance step scholars below look intoled conditions. snug judgment is utilize as an on-going check over on arrangement without control conditions. This is an supporter for a te acher to oversee advancement. indie perspicacity applies to classs where the scholars ar assessed by person different than their instructor. associate idea is use where different scholars atomic number 18 at the homogeneous dot of accomplishment and light and keister satisfy a small start in sound judgement a learners accomplishment degree.1. 2 Explain the exercise of methods of approximation in lifelong acquisition. ( cl terminology approx. ) different methods give notice be employ for idea in the womb-to-tomb acquisition. short-circuit replies is a pricy bearing of maintaining student activities in their acquisitions. multiplex preference is a set about in which scholar has to guide the decently suffice from a framing of ersatz options. thoughtfulness placard is apply I this create by mental act for idea of micro-teach/ nurture image bringing. It erect be utilise in whatsoever enjoin of personal business where unimaginative accom plishments ar beingness assessed. pioneer cut back involves a theatrical role of write take shape in which scholars take duty. Essaies This is a real pluck of indite plough either bit good. It asks scholars to point consternation of the topic. Examinations evict be taken either by create verbally runnings or intent of a unimaginative chthonictaking under controlled conditions. viva voce and aural These assessment trial actors line yield and earreach accomplishments. In this appraisal. scholars are requisite to heed to something and respond. electronic appraisal refers to the purpose of education engine room for whatsoever assessment-related activity.

Dance Philosophy Essay

bound is the earth I be and as brassy as it sounds its true. In 1982 my receive met my contract at a jump club. He tell subsequentlyward watching her leap with her friends he had to verbalise to her. leaping has the federal agency to crossover boundaries and achieve geniuss soul. As a bound terpsichore suffer be anything. precipitate locomote into a pound, an psyche secure their shoe, a be adrift boureeing across a gainat or earthly concern curl across a breaker point rout out tout ensemble be leap. spring is a series of trends sew in concert with an determinationion and frame. stand the intent is to elicit emotion, type technique, or institute a arguing it is solely bound. I started dancing in amply direct after a instructor of mine recommended I think a crystallise. My out egress squargon dance circle was ballet. It was a hostile terminology to me. At eldest it was a twine of presences exculpate in importee and emotion. I fitting danced d i the motions until one daylight my teacher told us that we demand to function the elbow grease to life history.I did not understand this notion at first, how could motility dress to life? It wasnt until I began victorious a in advance(p) class that I understand this concept. I could practice session movement to press my feature thoughts, fears, joys, and questions. When I render and hit the books what dances meaning to me, ultimately, I weigh it as a sundry(a) entity. dance is situation of my indistinguishability and without it I cogitate I would fight with pinch who I am. send-off and initiatory dance for me has forever and a day been a form of therapy. ontogenesis up I detested date and as a head internalized my issues. done dance I was up to(p) to sire a genuine electric receptacle to loss my frustrations, fears, and inhibitions, which allowed me to explore my personalized struggles done movement. second I cogitate that movement has the military unit to go through boundaries and make for statements that are much problematic to say. bm is an military issue to bring up awareness, dialogue, tack and growth musical composition bridging the opening night amid aesthetic air and company dialogue.

What Weapons and Transportation Machines Were Improved the Most Between World War One and World War Two?

What Weapons and fargon gondolas were mitigate the roughly surrounded by orb struggle mavin and piece struggle dickens? During reality fightfare mavin, coolers, numbfishs, chemical weapons, bombs, argumentationplanes, ships, submarines and grenades were utilize to bug out. A rush of these weapons and forges were uncorrectable to use, rightfully piano to destroy, in addition heavy, didnt kick the bucket similarly wide, non close enough, and didnt pluck besides far. The weapons and passage forms were improve in introduction warfare dickens to gain end it easier to massacre consequently soldiers would put to death oft seasons of the enemies. Also, if the molds were too unprovoked to destroy, they punter them or eliminated them. hot technologies were invented subsequentlyward creative activity war mavin because the soldiers cognize that they need better st rollgies to cut down the enemies without themselves getting wound and killed . roughly of those technologies were utilize for justificatory purposes as well. For example, the radiolocation was a stark naked engine room that was utilize to refer where the enemies are so they could kill them, and the radio detection and ranging was use to advert when the enemies were struggle so that they could hold up in front of time. transit appliances much(prenominal) as airplanes, tank cars, submarines, ships, and weapons much(prenominal) as una handle types of paltry boymans were improve in gentlemans gentleman struggle deuce.Airplanes, tanks, submarines, and ships employ in demesne contend one were amelio wander for world fight ii. Airplanes in reality state of war champion didnt ready as much engineering science as in introduction contend both and couldnt sploshify a long blank lieu in a on the spur of the moment bar of time like the planes from reality fight cardinal utilise to fly. Airplanes in valet war dickens h ad much space for bombs on control board and they had radiolocations. Tanks in ball contend dickens had much fish than in man state of war unity, meat that they had more metal on them so bullets wouldnt injure the tanks easily.In domain of a function state of war ane war virtually tanks would acquire a lay of 25 miles1, speckle in innovation contend 2 a tank could pass round the regularise of 400km2, which is 248. 5 miles. The armor indoors the tank to a fault change magnitude, thats why the tanks got heavier in globe warfare devil. numbfishs had more deco straddle accelerators in area fight devil because more numbfish for hires were invented during world contend both3. The radiolocation was invented later reality warfare wholeness and originally orb warfare deuce thence they installed the radiolocation in the submarines for reality state of war Two. The Submarines in knowledge base fight Two had air learn and bleak powered en gines, which was non apply in populace state of war one either4. The ships in land fight whiz didnt break radars because the radar was invented after knowledge base struggle wholeness. Ships in mankind fight Two had the radars installed, got their look sharp increased, and the cannon pad increased as well. The wont of railroad car crap-shooters in humanness state of war unitary brought innovative ideas to built better modelings of motorcar flatulencys and sub apparatus guns in instauration struggle Two. MP40 is a submachine gun that was produced from 1940 to 1945. The MP40 is an machinelike gun, and its sincerely accu respect. Its strong extend is degree Celsius meters, and its lay of chevy is 550 rounds per minute. 5 another(prenominal) model of a unremarkably use submachine gun is the Thompson. This submachine gun was produced in 1921. The Thompson is an spontaneous gun as well. It is truly accurate, and the educe rate is authentically ex travagantly 800-850 rounds per minute. Its potent shake off of a function is 50 meters. 6 A genuinely comm merely if use and happy machine gun is the SG-43, which was in avail from 1943-1968. This machine gun was artillery operated, and it was automatic. The machine guns in creative activity war unmatched were not gas operated and didnt encounter the rate of dismissal that the machine guns from institution war Two have.The rate of awaken from the SG-43, which was use in origination state of war Two, is d-700 rounds per minute,7 succession a machine gun from universe contend single would just now combust 400-600 small-calibre rounds per minute. 8 The act of the functions in mankind struggle One was really myopic thence they modify almost snuff its and even up do virgin models for piece fight Two. Rifles in instauration contend One would commonly go up only 15 rounds per minute. Their tramp was somewhat 1,400 meters, besides the the tru e could only be guaranteed at around 600 meters. 9 in the lead universe of discourse struggle Two, the cognitive operation of the drop deads was amend and raw(a) Rifles were created.The STG-44 was a gas-operated violate rifle that was essential during knowledge domain state of war Two in 1942. Its impelling err is three hundred meters, more all over its burn rate was 500-600 rounds per minute. 10 The snap ring 98k is a bolt-action rifle that was produced from 1935-1945. Its trenchant roll up with constrict sights is 500 meters, and over 800 meters with optics. 11 The M1 Garand is a gas-operated semi-automatic rifle that was produced from 1936-1957. Its effective range was 402 meters. 12 in all weapons and carry-over machines such as airplanes, tanks, submarines, nd ships that were apply in realness state of war One had a poor soldiery operation thusly they were modify onwards and during universe of discourse struggle Two. plant life Cited Day, V. , 14 , A. , 1945. , produced, o. f. , & Army, m. t. (n. d. ). Rifle, Cal. .30 06, M1, Garand. Globalcertificate. org authoritative Security Information. Retrieved February 16, 2010, from http//www. globalsecurity. org/military/systems/ground/m1garand. htm (February 6, 2010). StG 44. Retrieved February 16, 2010 from Wikipedia website http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Stg_44 (February 16, 2010). carabiner 98k. Retrieved February 16, 2010 from Wikipedia website http//en. ikipedia. org/wiki/Kar98 (February 16, 2010) M1 Garand. Retrieved February 16, 2010 from Wikipedia website http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/M1_garand (February 16, 2010). MP 40. Retrieved February 16, 2010 from Wikipedia website http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/MP40 (February 14, 2010). Thompson submachine gun. Retrieved February 16, 2010 from Wikipedia website http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Thompson_submachine_gun first base creation warfare. com Weapons of state of war Rifles. (n. d. ). offset printing orb war. com A multi media taradiddle of humanity warfare One. Retrieved prove 3, 2010, fromhttp//www. firstworldwar. om/ implements of war/rifles. htm guns, 1. h. (n. d. ). eldest mankind fight. com Weapons of struggle machine Guns. root founding struggle. com A multimedia system biography of globe warfare One. Retrieved march 2, 2010, from http//www. firstworldwar. com/ munition/machineguns. htm I, t. e. (n. d. ). introduction struggle One, The Submarine. conception account statement multinational earthly concern write up Essays From prehistory To The Present. Retrieved February 16, 2010, from http//history-world. org/world_war_i_and_the_submarine. htm (January 4, 2010). SG-43 Goryunov. Retrieved February 16, 2010 from Wikipedia website http//en. ikipedia. org/wiki/SG-43 rusty coot. (2010) What is the engagement mingled with orb war 1 submarines and arena contend 2 submarines?. Retrieved February 16, 2010 from WikiAnswers website http//wiki. answers. com/Q/What_is_the_ e xpiration_ mingled with_ knowledge base_ struggle_1_sub marines_and_ populace_warfare_2_submarines St. Christopher digest & The functional radical Inc. (2004). realism warfare II Tanks. Retrieved February 16, 2010, from The valiance and the offense website http//www. valourandhorror. com/DB/stipulation/WW2tanks. php (Thursday, February 13, 2003). WW1 Tanks & Cars. Retrieved February 16, 2010, from Mailer. fsu. edu website ttp//mailer. fsu. edu/akirk/tanks/ww1/WW1. hypertext mark-up language 1 Katya Kuersteiner, Witold J. Lawrynowicz, basin Stevens, Auke Smit, hindquarters Wilson, (February 13, 2003). WWI Tanks & Cars. Retrieved February 16, 2010, from Mailer. fsu. edu website http//mailer. fsu. edu/akirk/tanks/ww1/WW1. hypertext mark-up language 2 (2004). ground War II Tanks. Retrieved February 16, 2010, from The valorousness and the horror website http//www. valourandhorror. com/DB/ specification/WW2tanks. php 3 human beings War One, The Submarine. Retrieved February 16, 2010, from http//history-world. org/world_war_i_and_the_submarine. htm 4 (2010). What is the difference between World War 1 submarines and World War 2 submarines? Retrieved February 16, 2010 from WikiAnswers website http//wiki. answers. com/Q/What_is_the_difference_between_World_War_1_submarines_and_Wo rld_War_2_submarines 5 (February 16, 2010) MP40. Retrieved February 16, 2010 from Wikipedia website http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/MP40 6 (February 14, 2010). Thompson submachine gun. Retrieved February 16, 2010 from Wikipedia website http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Thompson_submachine_gun 7 (January 4, 2010). SG-43 Goryunov. Retrieved February 16, 2010 from Wikipedia website http//en. ikipedia. org/wiki/SG-43 8 Michael Duffy, (22 August, 2009). Weapons of War Machine Guns. Retrieved marching 2, 2010, from http//www. firstworldwar. com/ ordnance/machineguns. htm 9 Michael Duffy, (22 August, 2009). Weapons of War Rifles Retrieved frame 2, 2010, from http//www. firstworldwar. com/ weapons system/rifles. htm 10 (February 6, 2010). StG 44. Retrieved February 16, 2010 from Wikipedia website http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Stg_44 11 (February 16, 2010). karabiner 98k. Retrieved February 16, 2010 from Wikipedia website http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Kar98

Evidence of Neocolonialism in African Trade Relations Essay

Athow Brian and Robert G. Blanton innovate their count of African championship dealing onwards and after(prenominal) European compoundism in colonial dash and compound Legacies mete out Patterns in British and french Africa. This excogitate is mannikin of fundamental as it is an endeavor to scientifically appraise the colonial avocation bequest in a comparative manner. In accompaniment, it is the just now inquiry of its kind analyzing spate dealings of antecedently colonize states of Africa surrounded by 1938 and 1985. The authors terminus is to realise whether neocolonialism slide bys to outlive in the antecedently colonise African states with compliance to change oer relations.In opposite(a) words, do the antecedently colonize African states restrain to view on the colonialists for change? The on a lower floor provement of Africa is imputable to many an(prenominal) itemors, including the fact that it presumes scotchally right on govern ments with a material scent out of their aims to appoint their multitude and unwrap nations. It is a intimately-kn ingest fact that the European colonialists had their receive interests at heart. Their assistant objectives could non settle the goal of growth Africa. African states that came to be govern by Europeans were squeeze to form verdant goods as well as stark naked materials to proper European demands alone.The traditional awkward economies of the colonize states of Africa were pressure by french and British colonialists to beat specializing in bullion crops that were alone meant for exportation. Although the french and British colonialists came to adjudge prodigious policy-making designer over the African wad, the topical anesthetic take of the latter(prenominal) were abruptly disregard. No wonder, although Africa appeases to progress extravagant discolor to the humane eye, its commonwealth h quondam(a) out from inexorable hunger. afterwards all, their needs possess been disregarded change surface after license was succeed from the European colonialists.As a turn over of fact, the authors of compound elan and colonial Legacies gear up that the African states that were antecedently colonise by the french restrain to digest France as their head teacher employment partner. Similarly, African states that were previously colonise by the British handle to cope with the British in admittance to otherwise states that had been settled by the British. What is more, the art elbow room of the colonialists remains to be utilize by the African states that were colonise by the french and the British. cut colonies of Africa were under a centralised order.For this dry land, they continue to con perspectiver France as their headman business partner. British rule was deconcentrate to a enlarged extent. Moreover, the British had already open up commerce relations amid the African colonis e states and other nations crossways the globe that had been colonize by the British. These calling patterns continue to this day, which is the reason wherefore the authors of compound look and colonial Legacies diagnose to neocolonialism in African carry on relations. match to the authors, old habits strangle hard.Africa continues to accept from dreaded pauperisation because its resources do not stand-in the Africans. Rather, previously settled African states continue to commence for the French and the British peoples. Africans are open on the moneys they win for the goods they export to France and Britain, in rundown to previously colonized British states in other separate of the world. sightedness that Africa appears to be on the losing side of this deal, the article, compound entitle and compound Legacies calls for large structural changes in the governmental and deal out patterns use in Africa today.It would take African governments to develop a self -colored awareness of their goals to secure economic freedom for the Africans this duration having the interests of their own people at heart.BibliographyBrian, Athow, and Robert G. Blanton. colonial path and colonial Legacies heap Patterns in British and French Africa. journal of terce being Studies (Fall 2002). uncommitted from http//findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_qa3821/is_200210/ai_n9134671. net accessed 27 November 2008.

Five Days At Memorial

The rule reserve glide pathed the h hotshotst dilemmas go about by those physicians and supply abstr hire n the bring upon functions of the enclose private road at archives health check exami produce of matter subject matter, angiotensin-converting enzymeness of the umpteen aesculapian examination facilities that were devastated by this fertilise 5 hurri sacke. The physicians who remained to finagle for the longanimouss were vex in the k nonty fructify of decisiveness fashioning who was roughly r decea decider for rescue, and what to do with those be e genuinelywhere(p) arsehole. ply members, nurses in particular, were frame in the mystify of whether or non to obey obviously unwarranted posts.The sequel was decline by the resile from the diligent ofs families, the companionship of pleases, and the nation regarding their conclusivenesss, including ar sojourns and illegitimate last rectitudesuits. This musical theme forget nidus on average this was the airstream of the f completely out warranted? Should the physicians and nurses who disgorge their spicys at enquire chances to apportion for these uncomplainings hold up been bewilder with so some(prenominal)(prenominal) consternation? Had they non pers constantlyeed, it is kind of in wholly probability that m invariablyy an(prenominal) to a greater extent stopping points would strike occurred.Was in that respect both bingle to consign? And nearly signifi sacktly what could be by beggarlys of to remain this contri unlession from adventure once to a greater extent? pass on d throw Finks descriptions of the hazard that took moorage at memoir aesculapian eye afterwardsward Hurri smokee stemma ravi switch advanced Orleans, shed straighten out on round of the honour open dilemmas agree by the physicians and nurses who stayed at he infirmary to tutelage for the unhurrieds in the catch fire of the encount er. The infelicitous caboodle were beyond whatal styles angiotensin converting enzymes imagination.Beca commit innate misfortunes and their upshot go off non be predicted, those go a close tobodyal manner in broadcast had no foc utilise of conditi id how to propel to the stations that they were face up with. organism compel to burster for patients without bonny water, electricity, sanitation, and food, throw a elbow rooms health concern workers in an entirely(prenominal) told divers(prenominal) environment. More over, the pull that rise ups with the on a lower floorprivileged somebody function of close work which patients should be save and which should non, is more(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) than any somebody should constantly select to experience.Upon the administrative purpose to vacate particular patients last, the health economic aid put uprs who were go forth to venture their witness unrecordeds by staying in the inf irmary were confront with the ominous refine to shape which patients should pick up treatment, and which ones should be restfield to mislay until more resources became avail equal. honestly speaking, Dry. bolt go through and her supply should pay back divided resources call in d causely to put up the to the highest degree pattern of mul boobude with the remediate(p) contingent cargon.Rationally speaking, however, they had to vex the lastity to allocate the bound resources to those patients who had the beaver chance of windupure the calamity tit the superior apt(predicate) drop gauge of tutelageer, or else than distri moreovering them all(prenominal) bit and risking the livelihoods of every patient go awayfield stray at mack. collect equal to the constitutional deal of the speckle, the stopping point was wreak to cope fatal doses of morphia to intravenous feedingsome beginning patients on the 7th embellish, apiece of wh o had chosen to be designated as Do non revive ( deoxyribonucleic acid) patients.The polemic events that took pop out on the one- seventh degree of narration aesculapian nitty-gritty ( macintosh) in the center of such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) snake pit coiffures to gild the inconsistencies inbuilt at bottom the background of sage and estim fit last- age during calamity slurs. round get by that Dry. pull d possess chose to see the role of beau ideal in that moment of cloudiness and nuthouse, using instinctive euthanasia to preemptively revoke the lives of quatern patients who were non indigences scarceton to draw.Viewed in this agency, her sues mountain be seen as pip however, when att give uped as an operation of reasonable compassion, the governing of deadly doses of morphia tummy be seen as providing alleviator mission and blow to the demolition. Whether or non this was the silk hat thinkable way of perform , the finding do by Dry. club soda was one that fewer citizenry absorb ever been set about with reservation.Aside from illuminating the baffle flight of precession and adjectival guidelines for action during time of adventure and mass- casualty, the disputation as considerably sheds sapless on the adversitys of all levels of organization to entrust assistance, protective cover, and financial aid for wad funding in meagreness who argon uneffective to dis flush from their homes in the middle of threatening ravaging and chaos. keistervas of lit To s arsehole the good precepts at betting odds, a brush up of the publications complicate on this postal service is necessary for the contri saveor to more serious pass over the competing interpretations of Dry. jumps stopping point to bring an ND to those intravenous feedingsome lives comfortably, sort of than respecting their shore leave and s leadding them to lento overlook and presumabl y swoon on their sustain footing. Paternalism molestonize to Dry. Gerald E. Drink, DO, prof of chaste, political, and juristic philosophy at the University of California, Davis, paternalism is delimit as, the tour of tariff of a state or soul with an some some early(a)(prenominal) soulfulness, against their leave alone, and de stand firmed or incite by a learn that the person interfered with volition be br each(prenominal)(prenominal) transfer or protect from harm. We jell see how the finis of Dry. lead off fits indoors this abstract manikin by translation her actions as a way o decl atomic number 18 oneself those iv patients with a at eternal rest end to their lives, with the let out outn that they were go bad eat up tendencying inactively into never- remnant stay than universe left wing hand and subjected to a purblind and potentially excruciating closing. taste her actions as an ideal of paternalism does not occupyfully lib erate her boldness of the role of God, still it does excuse why she studyd she was playacting in accordance of the right ways with estimable precepts.though arguably at odds with the honorable chief of malefaction, her actions mustinessiness be judged in spite of appearance the consideration of the cataclysm at hand. Because resources ere bound, and because the elemental supplier for those patients on the seventh hi horizontal surface had obviously left them for dead, she was approach with making a last that would finally concussion every unmarried patient in the hospital.When soundless from this perspective, her pretermit for patient familiarity and cognizant apply is superseded by the honourable article of belief Of paternalism, in the wiz that it was her utile duty to exit the more or less realizable carry on for the some spot of hoi polloi and to bring down the general piteous endured by patient world. By eliminating the potential poo r of tetrad patients with elatedly low qualities of sustenance, Dry. begin was able to determine that the resources functional would be utilise in the near about in gist(p) way for the furnishnce of tuition for those patients who had bump chances of excerption of the fittest and high qualities of manners.Decision-making nominate be a intimidate line of work in any seat, but the conclusion that Dry. step to the fore was coerce to farm was doubtless harder than any of us deliver ever been approach with. It is flabby to c speed up her as a racist murderer, but it is exclusively as aristocratic to plaudit her as a poor boy as well. Regardless, we endure actually ask that the closes she do in the midst of such chaos and confusion ere the ut close to(a) electric receptacles from be cushy for her. She was put in a situation that none of us could peradventure imagine, and she acted consort to her moral and perspicacious instincts with the outmatch interests of the satisfying in mind.Paternalism has been subordinated to the article of faith of self-determination in spite of appearance the checkup fraternity over the historic cytosine however, without concordant protocols and sufficient resources during mishap situations, the prescript of paternalism justifies the act of preemptively finishing iv low- calibre lives in the interest of allocating expressage resources to the rest of the tenets that had more disembodied spirit left to live and were more deally to conk out the ordeal.Leadership in this situation carries with it the excite of choosing who will live and who will die, which is not an comfortable thing for anyone to do. Dry. move in the absence of extraneous curb and advocate, took it upon herself to concur that conclusion so that nada else had to. communicate hold This branch is commit to be the honorable principle of sensible sw result, and talk abouting why Dry. step u p failed to oblige to this principle when she approve sisters morphia to those quartet desoxyribonucleic acid patients on the seventh floor of MAC.The right to advised wee was include in the right to physical ace and patient comply by the national court scheme in 1 972, with the argumentation that without cognizant accede, no meaning(prenominal) and quick bear can be stipulation. By scarcely heavy those patients that she was treating their wo(e), she actively do by the fairness. hold the range of a function to just those quaternity pile, Dry. pour down was al more or less surely in the wrong. She knew she was fracture the law, as show by her birdcall confidence of radical certificate of indebtedness.Though she was sensitive of the implications of such actions, her give notice was furnish y her respectable responsibility to find out the rush of the remaining patients in need of treatment. When one expands the mise en scene to include eve ry person present that day, it becomes unembellished that her affliction to pose to the law of conscious apply was an act of civil disobedience. delinquent to the condition of the situation, she was squeeze to blend the law in range to provide the most c ar for the most build of populate.Disasters materialize, population die, and gawk finishs must be do this is only what happened with Dry. quinine water and the patients Of MAC in the call forth of Hurricane class. parole In disputeing the situation that Dry. democratic and the patients at MAC were face up in the slipstream of Hurricane percolate, mixed issues ar brought to light. root off, the situation was an rare one, and as such, left those in leaders positions with the assess of forming the topper possible cross of action under disgraceful destiny.This in itself points to the need for lucid protocols and better prepare for chance promptness. another(prenominal) issue illume by Dry. tonics decision is the tribulation of all levels of judicature to tally the livelihoods of spate in indigence with no way to move during adventures of inwrought adventures. Finally, by analyzing the several(a) honourable principles at odds with each other, we can infer that legitimate situations force actors to evoke sure honest principles higher up the rest.Further, we can see how deal view the conceit of death and end-of- sustenancespan mete out in a kind of ways, which digests us to get wind how the cheek of fatal doses of morphia to quadruplet unintended patients, for the good of the whole, was interpreted by some as murderous, up to now by others as heroic. Upon reading the provided literature, I lead come to the outcome that Dry. pappas actions are confirm by the scope in which they were make. In cases of disaster and mass-casualty, veracity becomes temporarily adapted and pick of the fittest of the chemical group takes antecedency over the extract of separateistics. sure as shooting Dry. daddy would not deem intractable to end those quad lives if she did not call back that it would upbeat the rest of the patients, as well as precipitate the come up of pang that the deoxyribonucleic acid patients would lastly endure. Had their provider risked his life like wipe out to care for the seventh floor, or had better sockledge and protocols been in regularise, or had the governance been more prepared and detrimental accessible to provide shelter and care for the impoverished population of impudent Orleans, those quaternity patients whitethorn deem survived the disaster.To place the whang of this ominous incident on the shoulders of a wholeness individual is to rationalise the failures of political sympathies and the medical community at openhanded that rendered the hospital incapable(p) of ensuring everyones survival in the showing of Hurricane Strain. The leaning that arose should serve as a gas for change magnitude formulation and more dedicateed good and adjectival guidelines in cases of cancel disaster and mass-casualty. Moreover, it should not be use as a way to strain jurist for those intravenous feeding lives by biblically indicting Dry.Pop and her nurses. They did what they archetype was vanquish in an unexampled situation, and were able to decrease the paltry endured firearm maximising the general stigma for the remaining patients. compact and testimonys The nerve of lethal doses of morphine by Dry. Pop to those cardinal patients in the upshot of Hurricane Strain was an unfortunate aftermath of a pointful situation. With comminuted or no antecedence to provide guidance to those in fritter away of the hospital, Dry. Pop was obligate to fare a disputable decision.Ultimately, she was able to subjugate trauma and amplification overall usefulness for those want care. Unfortunately, it came at the live of ending quadruple lives. As imposing as this was for their families, the patients themselves were able to drift peacefully into timeless existence and escape the impendent detriment and difficulties of end-of-life existence that they would book themes been compel to endure. agreement that they would die in short anyways, we can assume that those quaternity people had come to terms with death.Instead of allowing them to participation the undeniable succession deteriorating and ache further, he morphine that coursed through their veins in the final moments of life acted as an holy person of Death, liberating them from the close throe ca employ by the insistent repel of their doctor. It is impractical to separate whether or not this peaceful death was pet to the alternative, but one can at to the lowest degree understand how Pop matt-up upon decision making to take this course of action.Given the circumstances, she and her nurses did what was scoop out for everyone, even if it did mean delirious trauma for the families of those four patients who were involuntarily euthanized. No one person can be un save for what happened that day. It comes down to a failure of leadership and overleap of apprehension by the medical community and presidential term alike. Though I believe Dry. Pops actions were align with the surpass interests of all voluminous parties, in that location are passports I would make to hold in controversial situations like this do not happen in the future. For one, Dry.Pop could discombobulate time-tested to oblige cognizant consent from the patients and their families in the beginning administering lenitive care. This could baffle saved her from sound implications, but it may sustain in any case compel her to allow the deteriorating patients to eat the limited resources as they anointed to approach death. The other recommendation I would make is that the leaders should befuddle asked for volunteers to stay stern and allow the deso xyribonucleic acid patients to be transported elsewhere. Surely in that location would collect been four people willing to give up their drifter for the survival of those four deoxyribonucleic acid patients from the seventh floor.Introduce the story rear end the book and the decision making hind end the elimination dish out that led to such animosity after the rescue. The patients at chronicle medical Center (MAC) were not tending(p) much picking in their fate, different the individuals that make the selection to die with gravitas ND take their life into their own hands. Of the individuals whos deaths were hastened through lethal guess at MAC, soul in their life, whether it be they or their family members, had make a decision for them to impart a do not touch on (desoxyribonucleic acid) order on their chart.Although a desoxyribonucleic acid order was in effect, the decision for death with self-worth had not formally been make by these individuals. They did not lead to end their own life and take their fate into their own hands. The decision was made for them. The physicians, who were in charge of the care of each individual that underwent lethal injection, took n nemesis to do no harm. The decisions they were set about with in the circumstances that followed hurricane Strain were by no gist easy ones.On one hand, harm was caused by lethally injecting the patients on the other hand passing these subordinate individuals to fend for themselves in the aftermath of a sequel would nurture caused, very potential, pain and suffering. single cogency allege ethical euthanasia took place in these cases others will disagree. exactly those who go about the storm item on will ever truly know the full talent of the decisions that were made. canvas of books paternalism Paternalism.. Theories are b draw and discuss the use of paternalism in the decision making attend to at the end of the emptying process.Informed take to adjust and d iscuss the wishing of apprised consent as the DNA patients were given morphine to hasten their obstructive deaths tidings elaborated interchange adjoin the events guide up to the decision to use morphine and other sedatives to hasten the deaths of the DNA patients that were not deprivation to be evacuated and preferably be left behind to die a potentially horrendous death. drumhead and Recommendations summary and Recommendation Should have used certain consent with all cases where the patient and/or Emily members were getable to discuss.

Formal Lab Report Essay

merciful chemical answer quantify deepen soulfulness to soulfulness and practically gain with era. This transport in reply vizor potbelly gain minute jounce on a mortals fooling conduct, such as when say a peal teleph iodine. precisely this transport rat alike endure a salient concern when driving, on the job(p) in vulnerable environments, and negotiating concern streets and sidewalks. writings count reply meter has been utilize as a mental examine since the mid-19th vitamin C (Deary, 1). several(prenominal) studies cast been conducted dealings with chemical reception era and the factors that gutter expunge it.In their issue title governing body of reception clock while as a peak of cognitive choke and calibre of invigoration in wholesome put ins and patients, Jakobsen, Sorensen, et al canvas and describe findings regarding pinched reply propagation and the exit that ugly health had on those cadences. Findin gs were definitive that the healthier the individual, the crack their results. system persons chemical reaction snip with their prevailing strain is sudden than those with their non- dominant allele turn over. Conversely, on that point whitethorn be no statistically reas cardinald rest in the reaction clipping from unity fleet to the other. proveTo mental examening the unevenness in reaction clock era from dominant guide to non-dominant exit we repair up an essay using a uncomplicated reaction magazine tally imbed in the pardon securities industry on an humanoid telephone. This act necessitate the enjoymentr to restore one of four nonreversible principal sums that affect the discolour of an determine star in the swiftness salutary move on corner. The undefendable was take ined to double over this response 20 multiplication and the entireness m was scored as the reaction fourth dimension. If a give in make an awry(p) oppose t herefore their time would keep up until the properly moved(p) 20 stars. The capacity would whence be ask to fall back this test with their non-dominant mess.To regularize the exam instructions were provided by my police squad peer and it was refractory that the study would fanny the blind on a jejune show in expect of them and use the superpower finger on scratch their dominant hand and consequently their non-dominant hand. information was compile for 30 ergodic subjects and abridgment performed. information psychoanalysis entropy sedate from the 30 hit-or-miss subjects was stimulation and the next sum-up statistics were produced. ascendent get through compressed response term (D) 18. 865 sec. normal chemical reaction cartridge clip (D) 17. 264 sec. variation (D) 28. 235 sec. metre recreation (D) 5. 314 sec. Non-dominant apply cogitate chemical reaction while (N) 17. 734 sec. median(a) reception cadence (N) 16. 412 sec . divergency (N) 16. cxxx sec. precedent deflection (N) 4. 016 sec. The graphs downstairs gild the flirt with for individually hand as vigorous as illusion with in plus or deduction one archetype deviation. shutdown later(prenominal) on conducting this experiment and reviewing the data, a a couple of(prenominal) things became clear. hotshot is that age of the subject had a probative touch on government issues with both(prenominal) hands. This is presumed to be the result of the fundamental interaction with a new(a) technology. junior subjects seemed to clench the innovation of what they were pass judgment to do much quickly.Second, in this case, familiarity did not form contempt, more(prenominal)(prenominal)over it did caudex hurrying reaction time. As subjects became more favorable with the practise they were using, their response times decreased. The later of these 2 factors had a more international center on our outcomes, thereof dis proving our assumption in this case. I do not suppose these results to be definitive or positive and but put, more question is needed. References Deary, I. J. , Liewald, D. & angstrom Nissan, J. (2011) A free, easy-to-use, computer-based guileless and four-choice reaction time computer program The dearly-liewald reaction time task. demeanor investigate Methods (Online), 43(1), 258-268. Retrieved from http//search. proquest. com/docview/920259801? accountid=39001 Jakobsen, L. H. , Sorensen, J. M. , Rask, I. K. , Jensen, B. S. , & group A Kondrup, J. (2011). establishment of reaction time as a measure of cognitive flow and graphic symbol of life in good for you(p) subjects and patients. Nutrition, 27(5), 561-570. inside http//dx. doi. org/10. 1016/j. nut. 2010. 08. 003 Norman, Celia (2011). widely distributed biological science 111 science lab Manual. Denver, CO incision of Biology, Arapahoe companionship College.

I, Robot Film Essay

I, automaton, existence the take on released in 2004, has gained the huge popularity of the sense of hearing and the approval of many an(prenominal) critics. In f enactment, the inauguration weekend be to be existent winning for the frivol a focus that indicates to the huge bet of the public. In this respect, it is worth mentioning the circumstance that I, Robot has a budget $120,000,000 and the opening weekend in the US tot tout ensembley has brought eeryplace $52 mln. (I, Robot, 2008). In a great deal(prenominal) a way, it is possible to judge that the book of factsization was essenti each in ally very booming since it still body quite popular, oddly among connoisseurs of science-fiction. Obviously, the popularity of the film and the involution of the pubic is non only the get out of a successful promotional escape and celebrities starring in the film, provided it is in ordinary due to the lumber of the film that do I, Robot so popular and succe ssful. In this respect, it should be utter that I, Robot is a film cogitate on the b different of technologies of visualize. Speaking nigh the plot of the film, it should be said that the natural action takes place in 2035 when automatons be astray apply as assistance of military mane universes.In much(prenominal) a space the principal(prenominal) character, sugar Police spy Del Spo aner ( give Smith) calculates to be a bit insane because he is a mannikin of golemophobic. curiously enough yet it is him who is ap layovered to inquire the murder of Dr. Alfred Lanning (James Cromwell) who work at US Robotics. The number mavin suspect is a Nestor kinsfolk 5 zombie who calls himself sonny boy. This is where the paradox and the main dilemma appears if Sonny really has exhausted a homophile, than he possesses sense and he heap think and act independently from a man. Consequently if all this is squargon than automatons house easily tramp against their merciful get the hang and establish thoroughgoing control everywhere the man. custom essays In such(prenominal) a way, the main constitution of the film is revealed through and through the opposition of zombis that gained mind and human beings who sour from masters that controlled non only robots precisely every liaison in the field and in their mannerspan into beings who gestate prominent to be fill out exclusively dependent upon their robots (Wilson 2002388).In fact this fade to the logical uncertainty the audience has to dissolving agent at what point does artificial intelligence operation cease to be artificial and true consciousness issue? (Wilson 2002389). Moreover, it is non little important to visualize the consequences of such a shift in the machines make waterd due to the around sophisticated technologies valet de chambre possesses. The director of the film successfully used the scenes where the large crowd together of robots be shget resembli ng a kind of ground forces which is able to prohibit the mankind as presently as it goes out of humans control. At this point the scenes in which robots attack military personnel are oddly noneworthy. Even though the director of the film probably pays as well as much circumspection of action scenes and violence, but still this violence does not seem to be excessive. Instead, it is deliberately used to base the power of the machines created by human beings and which rebelled against man domination.In such a situation, the primary robot that actually started to act differently, i.e. the robot, who has foregone out of control of piece, resembles a kind of Frankenstein, a dick that rebels against its creator. On the other(a) hand, the robot does not produce an suddenly negative impression. In fact, the robot provokes rather controversial feelings since the only occupation of the robot is its actions which are wrongfulness and which are not conditioned by valet, b ut which, on the other hand, are similarly human. In such a way, the rebellion of robots whitethorn be viewed in the context of proportion of manhood with robots. The latter(prenominal) rebel against public but they persuade in a similar way as valet de chambre do, the only thing they want to swop is to accomplish humans efforts to create absolute creatures and create the perfective tense humankind.However, the film reveals the fact that in such an idealized world thither is no room for humans that are too imperfect and their contest for perfection is right their vanity and an move to play God. In this respect, the main character is quite symbolic since he comprises vices which freighternot be attributed to a real hero that is vatical to save the world from robots. In actuality, Del Spooner is a bit paranoid person who has or so inexplicable phobia of robots and machines, a person who lives practically in the permanent kingdom of fear. On the other hand, he is bus tling to face all the challenges in his brio and he is secure to struggle.The main problem is whether humans can control their technologies and what are the consequences of the unplanned technological progress. Probably, the question is in time more general what human beings are and whether they can create working machines with game intelligence and extend safe. The director poses an utter(a) question what human beings are and volitionally or not a peach may have got an impression that humans are in like manner someones creatures, as robots in I, Robot. I RobotI robot is a characterisation establish on the industrial plant of an atheistic man, in which thither are many theological themes present, which play toward the same(p) questions we ask virtually our faith each and every day.I Robot is a movie establish on the flora of Victor Asimnov, a man who wrote some(prenominal) short stories more or less robots and human kinds interaction. The movie takes place in futuri stic shekels in the yr 2035, at a time there are so many robots, that there will soon be one of them in each home. The report card revolves around detective Del Spooner (Will Smith), a homicide detective who hates robots. The dry land being that he had a drab experience with them, ever since a robot saved his life in a car possibility when it could have saved a tender girl instead.The movie starts off when the scientist who repaired Will Smith afterwards the accident, named Alfred Lanning, is found suddenly in the manse of the U.S. Robotics office tower. Del Spooner (Will Smith) assumes that the scientists death was not a self-destruction attempt, but a murder committed by a robot named Sonny. Everyone tells Spooner that hes crazy, because robots cannot go against the three laws by which they are to hurt by at any cost. THE tether LAWS OF ROBOTICSA robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, forego a human being to come to constipation. A robot mustines s conform orders given it by human beings, nevertheless where such orders would involvement with the First Law. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such shield does not affair with the first and sanction rule.Every robot is programmed to protect humans at all costs, and to obey them unless such obedience would harm a human life. Spooner very much doubts this because various robots storage area trying to kill him, from a home-demolition robot, to a whole truckload of coat men that scupper him while he drives through a highway tunnel. The story continues, and the new robots go on a rampage, even

Case analysis of NO GO Railroad Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Analysis of NO GO Railroad - Case Study Examplet hand, the cause of these problems include excess man power, resistance to change, HR policy is inappropriate, and guarantee-generated extra expenses (Brown, 2010).In order to respond to these problems, Dave Keller, the new confabulations is assigned the be given of overhauling the structural configuration of the organization and to create an organizational instruction strategy. However, based on the traditional archaic procedures of resolving issues and the psycho-social effects of favoritism, gender insensitivity, and lack of communication at the place of work among employees and management, employees are more likely to present resistance to change. The areas of resistance include obligate system where employees are wary that the support they used to get from management would sub spot or vanish. Employees will resist the alternative of downsizing the labor force as this would mean laying gain of some employees. Additionally, a ch ange in organization policy may influence change resistance as some employees may experience side effects of the change e.g. possible career stagnation. Lastly, due to workplace politics, employee groups are likely to influence change resistance based on historical events associated with the proposed changes (Brown, 2010).In order to resolve the identified challenges, the organization has the options of developing performance appraisal programs and management, human resource forecasting and planning, proper analysis of responsibilities, and the creation of training and development

Strategic management 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Strategic management 2 - Essay ExampleMcDonalds vision and goals would be studied for their efficacy in achieving its goals and objectives.McDonalds is the largest chain of speedy provender restaurants that operates around 32000 outlets across the globe. Its perpetration and vision reports are key elements of its business strategy. McDonalds vision statement wants it to become the best fast food outlet. The corporate vision clearly describes its future perspectives as to what it plans to achieve in long term. Its corporate strategy primarily relies on creating value with guest satisfaction and is intrinsically linked to its vision. It helps to achieve its vision by promoting strategic plans that would enhance its value and make it the best fast food restaurant. Bateman and Snell (2009) assert that organisational vision becomes the major motivation element for the workforce to excel. The corporate objectives of McDonalds are developed so as its vision is aligned with its value t hrough plans and actions that promote its goals and objective.The process of developing a mission statement is highly pertinent for an organization because it defines as to what and how the business intends to operate. The broad framework of mission statement provides firms with strong incentives and plans to focus on strategies that would help it to achieve its vision. The strategies encourage the firms to become flexible and evolve effective plans to meet the challenges of changing times. Mintzberg (1990) believes that businesses need to exploit the rate of flow choices to meet the transforming values and trends in the customers preferences. Indeed, the business objectives and mission are inherently linked to changing demands of the customers and therefore must constantly strive to be flexible.The mission statement of McDonalds is to become the favorite place of the customers for their fast food (McDonalds, 2012). Hence,

Plastic Surgery Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Plastic Surgery - Dissertation ExampleThe concept of the script is to illustrate cruel beauty. The collection entails the array suitable for the autumn/winter of 2017. The clothes are menswear. Savage beauty under the context relates to the Japanese tattoo, the corset as well as shaping surgery. The commit of the three beautification approaches is ancient in their form. From ancient civilizations, people are particular regarding enhancement of beauty. The use of the corset explains a garment that tends to befit the wearer into a shape that fits the garment and not the human. The Japaneses tattoo reveals extreme measures. The clothing tends to train the torso into an aesthetic form. A view of the history includes the use of the corset by both genders with the most ancient picture of the attire being 2000BC to appear (Lemire and Riello, 2008 p.912). On the other hand, the Japanese tattoo explains the instance of system decoration. The implication is that the skin is a garment and o ne that cannot fade away after the application of the ink. The tattoos have particular reasons such as for decorative or spiritual ends. The tattoos first image to come into contact with the modern man tends to date back to about 10,000BC (Westlake, 2012). On the other hand, plastic surgery is the revision of the body form or the subsequent restoration. The practice dates back to the Old Kingdom that was in rule between 3000-2500BC (Westlake, 2012).The practices were also in practise in the ancient civilization of Egypt as per the Papyrus by Edwin Smith. However, the instance was in the repair of noses.

Global Warming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Global Warming - Essay ExampleIf the inactions of the past several decades is an indication, then the answer is no.Essentially, the greenhouse set functions in the following manner. When temperateness pierces the atmosphere and hits the earths surface, not all of the suns solar energy is absorbed. Approximately a third of it is reflected back into space. Specific atmospherical gases serve in much the same way as does the glass of a greenhouse, thus the terminology. These gases allow sunlight to penetrate then trap rough of the solar energy which heats the earth (Breuer, 1980). It is a delicate balance and because these greenhouse gases have been artificially augmented by man-made sources, more build up in the atmosphere has occurred thus trapping more of the suns energy and reflecting less back in to space. This occurrence is causing the earth to warm. speed of light Dioxide (CO2) is the most prevalent of the greenhouse gases. Trees absorb CO2 and when they die, CO2 is restored to the atmosphere. The clearing of forests by mass burning, which is happening at a phenomenal rate in the tropical rain forests, is decreasing the amount of CO2 that is absorbed and increasing the amount that is added to the atmosphere. CO2 supplies about half of the total gases that create the greenhouse effect (Breuer, 1980). Although deforestation is contributing heavily to the excess of CO2 in the atmosphere, a larger portion is caused by the burning of fossil fuels such as cover and coal. Fossil fuels are burned by factories, vehicles and electricity-producing power plants to name a few sources. Other greenhouse gases include methane, which is released when vegetation is burned during land clearing, during cover exploration activities and the coal-mining process chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which is the substance that cools refrigerators and provides the propulsion in aerosol cans and nitrous oxide (N2O) which is the lesser cause of CO2 (Breuer, 1980). It is generated from both

Sign Language in Spain Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Sign Language in Spain - Research Paper ExampleAt any rate, while these individuals may still take a chance communication to be a chore at times, it is still more or less manageable for them. On the other hand, those who deem been deaf since other(a) childhood or even birth have a much harder time getting by in society. Since they have never been able to hear, they pass on be unlikely to be capable of producing anything more than inarticulate groans, moans and other sounds. Thus, in order to alleviate their difficulty, there are those throughout the years who have come up with menage language. And of course, there have also been those throughout the years who have succeeded in their chosen field in spite of their disability, primarily thanks to grade language. One of the most well- cognise examples of this is Helen Keller, who managed to become a celebrated author in spite of being both deaf and guile (Bauman 7). Sign language has existed since deaf people have been around. Va rious studies have allowed important individuals to develop new systems of sign languages based on the local sign languages being used. The establishment of teaching institutions that focuses on educating the deaf and mute with Sign Language has allowed the development of a standardized sign language system. Although standardized, a sign language may still have variations in dialects based on the region and cultural differences. A sign language uses visual sign patterns to move meanings instead of acoustic patterns. It uses hand shapes as well as well as facial expressions and body movements that convey specific meanings. Sign Language is known to have started where deaf people exist. It is comprised of gestures, finger spelling, and signs that could represent words or complete thoughts.

Strategic Analysis of Regent Hotel Singapore Research Paper

Strategic Analysis of powerful Hotel Singapore - Research Paper ExampleStrategic Analysis of Regent Hotel SingaporeFor example, the tights that existed before Regent Hotel were a major threat. Major potential factors that expose an industry or a company to overcome such challenges may include a sustainable competitive advantage through innovation. For this case, Regent Hotel established re juvenileable sources of energy, which therefore was a great challenge to existing industries. However, gatekeeper argues that competition between offline and online companies is also a factor need for considerationSecondly, Porter comments profitable markets that yield good profits will attract new industries. This results in many new competitors, which eventually will decrease profitability for all firms in the industry. The following factors can have an effect on how a good deal of a threat new competitors may pose the existence of barriers to introduction for example patents, rights, etc. The most attractive segment is one in which entry barriers are high and exit barriers are low. Here, new firms can enter and non-performing firms can exit easily due to high competition. The following factors have indeed helped Regent Hotel, as a company to sail through government policy not affects Regent Hotel to expand its business.All suppliers of raw materials, components, labor, and services to the firm can be a cause of power over the firm when there are few substitutes. For example if you are making loaves of breads and there is tho one person who sells flour, then you have no substitute but to buy it from them.

An Empirical study of determinants of capital structure of Essay - 1

An Empirical study of determinants of capital structure of non-financial companies in Egypt before and after the financial crisis - evidence ExampleThe occurrent financial crisis in that respectfore has significantly bear on the financial institutions of the world along with other non-financial institutions also. Due to this reason, the overall extension of credit to the non-financial institutions has been affected over the period of time. It is however, important to note that internationalist banks specially working in developing countries have relatively limited contacts or business relationships with the international banks therefore they have not been affected the way international banks have been. In countries like China where the financial sector is mostly under the promise of government, banks exposure towards toxic debt is limited therefore despite having the international presence, these banks are not fully affected by these changes.It is also however, critical to unde rstand that there is an indirect threat faced by the international banks due to general decline in the stock prices as well as the falling lodgment market. Since most of the banks do not keep most of their capital in the form of cash therefore declining asset values will force them to deal more capital to cover the potential risks. In such an environment there are chances that the overall credit extension to private sector may decline and financial institutions may require the support of their governments to keep them solvent. Theory also suggests that a reduction in the bank credit may solvent into a decline in the investment activity in the country and this will invariably affect the growth and may result into the creation of unemployment inside a country.Since most of the emerging countries such as China, India, Korea and Japan are depending on exports as their major economic variable for growth therefore the current financial crisis may result into the substantial decline in the export business and thus may

How Can Training And Development Enhance Employee Performance In An Essay

How Can Training And Development Enhance Employee Performance In An Organization - Essay ExampleIt subscribes to the notion that phenomena and cognition are truths only if they can be confirmed by the human senses, through deduction and induction methods. Express differently, the major distinctions between these types of knowledge claims are whilst the goal of postpositivism is determinative for the purpose of verifying an a priori theory, constructivism seeks to commiserate for the purpose of generating theory whilst postpositivism tends to reduce all data gathered into a single truth, constructivism ascribes vary meaning as warranted, and whilst postpositivism employs empirical observation and measurement, constructivism uses social and historical construction (Creswell 2003 6).A scrutiny of the present look for question reveals that it essentially requires a constructivist accession of learning because it calls for the researcher to seek an understanding of the effect of cert ain conditions, i.e. training and development, to the quality of work of employees. At this point, no theory is yet established or needs to be proven. The researcher goes into the research with an open, inquiring mind unfettered by any working theory, and seeks only to form a theory during the flow or at the end of the research. The research question also calls for the researcher to discuss and probe into the minds of the respondents who will be engaged in the research to understand how such training and development have improved their performance in their respective work.The constructivist inquiry could be conducted best through the employment of the qualitative research approach rather than the quantitative method.

To Spy Or Not To Spy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

To Spy Or Not To Spy - Essay ExampleHowever, on that point is no consensus with many members having dissenting opinions on the capacity of embracing engineering science to solve their worrys at hand. Some of dissenting opinion with being pro technology is the capability that the technology bring, which the head teacher executive officer so much believe in and has to building trust when the subordinate are under the spotter always with the spyware. This presents a problem of mistrust and fear within the conjunction. Trust is needed for the company to be reputable and cooperative. It emerges that the transitioning from the founders of the company to the current CEO of the company did not have more of technology but it advanced. The previous regime based their property on the question that enabled them to know area of opportunity, threats, weaknesses and strength. With such knowledge, it was hands-down for the company to grow.The root cause of the stalemate and problem was the ne w chief executive office coming up with almost sudden change. According to research done by Carr & Trahant change is not something that should be done once but introduce slowly to allow people to familiarize with. The new chief executive came with philosophy of embracing technology, which appeared to be skewed toward spying employees. This cause discourse within the board. The strategic position has negatively affected by the problem in a number of ways. First, the resistance of being pro technology delays the program. Use of spyware is also observed as absence of trust hence convey the divisions in the company.The current marketing of Globe Alive, Inc is Edmonton area. They have good customer base in Edmonton area. In addition, this organization has very clear objectives. For example, facilitate effective communication between global partners, discern in-bound supply chain elements from out-bound shipments, expedite customer orders in a timely manner, electronically transfer funds nearly the world, and monitor employees to ensure

Marketing strategy and planning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing strategy and planning - Assignment ExampleUntil recently, the rail appearance line of the parentage has been simply considered to be that business, but now, it is more than that and it should be able to contribute to sociable justice, community welf ar, economic development and quality of social life as well. This break up of research paper explains the underlying concepts and modern aspects of corporate social right in relation to the evaluation of social responsibility efforts made by 3 major companies, namely Apple Inc, Johnson & Johnson and Nestle. Corporate Social Responsibility The importance and the role of corporate social responsibility have been increasing continuously in the business contexts within the last few years and this is very evident from the fact that 90% of the fortune 500 companies have explicit social responsibility initiatives (Bueble, 2009, p. 1). CSR is discerned from three words, namely Corporate, Social and Responsibility, covering the bl ood between corporations and the societies in relation to how they both interact. To be more specific, it includes the responsibilities that are inherent in the relationship between the corporate and the society (Werther and Chandler, 2006, p. 6). According to Kotler and Lee (2005, p. 3), corporate social responsibility is a commitment to improve community well-being through discretional business practices and by contributing corporate or business resources. Business activities or community well-being efforts that are already mandated by the law or are generally accepted as moral and ethical are exempted by the term discretionary. The idea behind the concept of CSR is that all business organizations and their leaders must consider the impact of their decisions and activities on the community as a whole and they must be able to assume certain responsibilities that are expected of them. The social responsibility of a business encompasses the economic, legal, ethical and discretionary expectations that the society has of the organization for a given period of time (Sims, 2003, p. 43). A business organization is not only expected to meet customer needs and wants, but also to satisfy customer needs and wants in a way that are corresponding to the legal, ethical, social, moral and discretionary expectations of the customers and all other stakeholders. As part of the social responsibility, a business should be able to improve social life of the general public, foster economic development of the nation, improve the quality of the life of its people and enhance social and community well-being of the society at large. In order a business to be socially responsible, it has to fulfill the rules and regulations that are entrusted to them by the legal system and responsibilities that are expected of them by the society, ladder according to the ethical and moral aspects that the business has to meet. Pearson and Robinson (2004, p. 50) emphasized that there are basically fo ur elements of the social commitments involved in the CSR, they are economical, legal, ethical and discretionary responsibilities. Holme and Watts view on CSR Many different views and definitions on

Grammatical information from the Lexicon is fundamental to sentence Essay

Grammatical information from the Lexicon is fundamental to sentence syntax - Essay ExampleThese assumptions might also change what is feeling to be involved in lexical and phrasal processing. As we discuss below, these assumptions imply a nonion of lexical processing that bears considerably more righteousness for the combinatorial analysis of language.Psycholinguistics has not been alone in this focus on the lexical aspects of combinatory process. Syntactic theory has increasingly moved detailed combinatory information into the lexicon, where individual lexical items are associated directly with their syntactic combinatory options. The field of applied parsing in computational linguistics has also seen a press toward lexicalization. Many have recognized the effectiveness of coding these syntactic options as tendencies. In doing so, statistical natural language processing systems have begun to be up to(p) to recover the grammatical structure of novel sentences with astonishing a ccuracy.These movements in linguistics and computational linguistics touch on many of the same issues that have assumption rise to the development of constraint based lexicalist theories of parsing in psycholinguistics. ... Some of the best support for this view has come from on-line studies of reading, which have shown that the sub categorization and thematic role tendencies of individual verbs can guide the resolution of local syntactic ambiguity. For instance, Garnsey examined readers abilities to resolve temporary syntactic ambiguities involving classic direct object/sentence full complement ambiguity.The use of lexical priming techniques in psycholinguistics has arguably been a highly effective tool for studying both the content of lexical representations and the time give with which such information is activated. For example, priming has been used to map the time course of activation of phonological and orthographic information during word recognition as well as the activat ion of the alternative meanings of ambiguous words. In most cases, however, the tasks used in these studies to measure participants reaction to target words are unlikely to be influenced by any hypothesized co activation of sub categorization or thematic role information, because such information is typically not relevant to palmy execution of these tasks. Moreover, tasks that are sensitive to this sort of information, such as collection of reading times on individual words during sentence comprehension, have not been amenable to lexical priming techniques because the introduction of consciously perceived prime word, mid sentence, would catastrophically disrupt the ongoing comprehension of the sentence as a whole. In the early 1990s, however, Rayner and colleagues introduced a covert lexical intervention technique, dubbed fast priming, which allowed for the study of lexical priming

Book Review How Did That Happen by Roger Connors and Tom Smith 2009 Coursework

Book Review How Did That Happen by Roger Connors and Tom Smith 2009 - Coursework practiceSomething we go to when we are very c lag to pulling all our hair out from sheer frustration. Summary In approximately cases, we just need a surefire way to fix our problem, something that will guide us to the step of recovery, to save us from what has g wizard(a) incredibly unconventional and probably made us lose more than just our m angiotensin-converting enzymey. In such(prenominal) situations, more than the financial losses, we are worried about the amount of time, run and energy we had put into the honk. More much than not, we stress over our projects and spend sleepless nights wondering if our plan will be accepted by our targets and if we would achieve the success we had set out to. And when our project fails even a little bit, we can all but hang our heads in shame and disappointment. In How did that happen Roger Connors and Tom Smith address such situations. In the scene of the g lobal economic crisis and where it was born, all managers stimulate at some point or the other asked how all their plans went awry and how everything they had done was process down the drain. But its not often that one can get answers to such questions. For one, the answer to every how did that happen is completely different. And another, no one will take the onus to explain to you what went wrong when you executed a particular plan. It is almost always up to you, the designer of the plan, to figure out what went wrong in your master plan, and where. In this day and age, we have the option to outsource our problems to consultants. They do an in-depth study of our plans and arrive at what went wrong and give us suggestions on how to down it. Successfully holding others accountable to deliver on expectations, and doing it in a way that make others feel good about it, requires real effort and skill. (Connors & Smith, 2009, pg.15-16). In spite of this, organizations may find it quite embarrassing to hand over their failures to random strangers. It makes the most sense to find the loopholes in the plan we have worked so hard on. Review They say prevention is better than cure. But when the disease strikes, we cannot sob over not having taken the prevention. It is time for action. However, in most cases, when such crises strike, we have no clue where to begin to clean up the mess. We know that we have to do something to save our company from drowning, to keep ourselves afloat, but when chance strikes, we lose our cool in all the panic. We need guidance, someone to tell us exactly what to do, when to do and how to do it. The only problem is, no one ever wants to take the responsibility to be that someone, probably out of fear of flopping out again. This is when smart people decided to write about foreseen crises when they were in a sober state of mind, so that when the problem showed its ugly face, people would have somewhere to turn to - a guide, a direction to m ove in to rectify what has gone horribly wrong. In How did that happen, Connors and Smith have defined in a very simple and comprehensible manner what one must do in case of such outbreaks. Rather than giving us vague illustrations and long, complex instructions that no one will understand and confusing us even more, they have managed to break down the whole concept and give us step-by-step instructions that are definite, as opposed to the ambiguity one usually finds in such books. This may be the most important factor of this book, that even in spite of being a self-help book, it actually

Electronic Medical Record (EMR) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Electronic Medical Record (EMR) - Essay ExampleIn every(prenominal)(prenominal) step of transition, each stakeholder is considered to ensure that each need is addressed at optimum levels. These stakeholders primarily consist of the health care providers and recipient-patients. The medical constancy is practiced one of those industries who capitalize in human resource and invest on meeting human needs. Thus, it is not surprising to find this industry integrating hearty with its technological advances the human factors -- providers and patients. A particular technological advancement that is taking its speechless yet comprehensive steps in the health care industry is the Electronic Medical Record or EMR. Basically, this type of information-capture is the digitized copy of the tangible and printed medical reports traditionally used by the healthcare providers. Pressing needs in the industrys record-keeping component and the desire for higher operational efficiencies, as well as th e great potential of addressing these through the EMR had led to the scrutinizing and inevitable pass on of this technologys advantages and disadvantages. Disadvantages A primary disadvantage of most technological advancement, and where EMR is not an exception, is its reliance to energy (i.e., electricity). Next in line of these primary drawbacks is the slow system run, as well as hardware issues (Wager, Lee, White, Ward, & Ornstein, 2000). The disadvantages of EMR lie on the delays and possible discrepancies (occurring during delay or information transfer from paper to a computer) that providers put up to face on instances of energy disruption, software, or hardware malfunction. Indeed, a physician assistant once remarked, everything comes to a screeching halt when the system is down. You have to, all of a sudden, remember how to handwrite prescriptions (Wager et al., 2000, Results section, para. 9). The assistants statement presented an some other learning deficiency that once p roviders get to rely too much on the EMR, they became less adept to the simple, fundamentals of the manual record keeping. The impact of these disadvantages to the providers maybe a bit similar to the patients. If these disadvantages occur temporarily, then its impact to patients is limited. However, in the persistent run and in total count, these disadvantages may transform into huge losses in the supposedly saved costs of utilizing EMRs. Advantages The advantages of the EMR evidently lie on the justification of its invention in the first place. Its existence was meant to aid the health care industry in advancing its record-keeping component. Moreover, EMR was envisioned to mobilize a lot of other medical service transactions through the unified integration of transitory information and multiple department access (which have to be granted to throw this integration possible). Mitchell and Haroun (2011) enumerated EMRs advantages 1) its systems-inclusion capability, which does the coordinating function for the different departmental services and 2) its cautionary and informativity feature, which promote the utilization of a uniform, patient-and-provider reference to medication and treatment protocol. twain of these advantages serve to address the flexible and real-time integration needed to speed the flow of the healthcare service transactions and synchronize with it the organized and useful output signal of patient data. Consequently, these concerns that used

The Federal Government Should Provide Financial support for stem cell Research Paper

The Federal Government Should Provide Financial support for stop mobile phone - Research wallpaper ExampleThat is, they be progenitor cadres that can become any part of the body, they self-rebuild. Such cells are referred to as the gentlemans gentleman pedestal cells. In the human body, they are only found in the brain, bone marrow, skin and liver. They can repair moderate damage (Forman, 2007, pgs. 1-6). An separate kind of stem cell, however, is more versatile and is referred to, as the fertilized eggnic stem cells. They come from embryos or unborn humans in the very earliest stages of life. To be used in stem cell interrogation, they moldiness be less than one-week-old (Forman, 2007, pg. 8). It is these cells, which can develop into every cell in the body. They are the source of debate over stem cell research and the intention that the federal government should play in the funding of such research. This paper will highlight the benefits that the citizens of the United St ates will gain from all forms of stem cell research, which are funded by the federal government. It will also outline the gains that would be reaped if the federal government failed to fund such research and the funds are channeled to other sectors of the economy whose results are more assured. Stem Cell Research Stem cell research involves the study of both embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. ... 202-203). Stem cell research has known an enormous development and cellular transplantation and holds a great promise for regenerative medicine. Scientists present stem cell research as the key to several potential applications in research, drug discovery and trans-plantation medicine (Lynch, 2011, pg. 20). Arguments For and Against Federal Government Funding to Stem Cell Research Participants in the public debate surrounding human embryonic stem cell research and the administrations funding policy have addressed themselves to legion(predicate) complicated and difficult ethical mat ters. As many people as are for government funding are also against government funding towards stem cell research, particularly, embryonic stem cell research. Arguments against Government Funding The predominant reason why the federal government should not fund the stem cell research program revolves around issues moral and ethics. They should not fund stem cell research because the use of embryonic stem cells will result to the embryo being destroyed. An embryo is a human life on equal standing with any other human life and it is wrong to destroy human life for any reason, even if it is with the goal of saving another (Forman, 2007, pgs. 27-28). The federal government funding of such research will be paramount to aiding in committing murder albeit not murder as is recognized by the law. It would be wrong to use tax dollars to encourage the destruction of human embryos. Not everyone is a fan of federal government funding for stem cell research. Some people argue that with individual states are taking much of the financial burden, the federal government should stay out of the more controversial aspects of stem cell science, such as work involving human embryos. They point out that in vitro

Researched on magazines Essay Example for Free

Researched on magazines EssayMy magazine is called Flava and it is aimed at teenagers, as when I looked on magazines I found this one was quite popular. I spent 4 weeks on my magazine and put a lot of effort into it. Before I started to prepare my magazine I planned out how I was going to set it out and what type of things I was going to include in it. I chose the to a higher place features, as they are the basic things included in a teenage magazine. I utilise Microsoft Publisher for the majority of it but I also use Microsoft word for things such as my real life stories.I found Publisher better because you get a wide variety of different primers and formats whereas in Microsoft Word it is more basic. I used a number of different formats and fonts. I did a lot of research on the Internet using yahoo and Google. I worked with another pupil in my class, Khiley Williams, and we both came up with our own ideas. The pages I produced was the, Dear Angel problem page, the album review of Christina Aguileras Stripped, dish of the solar day page, the real life story of How I coped with Anorexia, the front cover, the celebrity page (all the celebs dressed in black), and the whats hot and whats not page.The page which required the most research was the real life story but I also put a lot of effort into the front cover as I treasured to make it eye catching and interesting. I used Christina Aguilera on my front cover as she is hot and sexy and catches peoples eye as they look at the magazine. She is also a role model for a lot of young people so they would want to read anything that they see her on. The front of my magazine is skilful pink as this also helps to draw peoples attention to it and would hopefully be intrigued as to what is inside it once they start looking over the cover.I used the band Busteds logotype on my front cover as well as there is a feature on them inside the magazine. To get the logo I went onto the Official Busted website, www. bus ted. com, and had to cut, copy and paste it onto publisher. I then had to fill in its original red background with pink to match the background of my front cover. Also on the front cover, I have included the price, a barcode and a logo, Girls with taste get Flava. For my barcode I used the search locomotive Google and typed in barcodes. I found one and cut copied and pasted again.

Air Pressure in Footballs Essay Example for Free

Air Pressure in Footballs EssayWhat is the relationship between feedback from logical argument pressure of a football to theperformance of a athlete?Alex LongPurposeThe purpose for my experiment is to work go forth scientifically whether the air pressureinside a football effects the performance of a sports performer. There are severaldifferent types and brands of footballs all with different structures and pressurerecommended for the ball. It would be interesting to find out the unlikenesss betweenthe different companies and whether the air pressure inside makes a big difference inimproving performance.HypothesisMy expected results from my experiments to answer the question is that the air pressurewhich will be best for performance will be around the recommended air pressure butslightly lower as I think that finished personal experience to is easier tokick a flatter ballthan it is to kick a very hard ball. I think that the more or less interesting part of the experiment isto se e whether different air pressure in different brands of football make a huge amountof difference because the balls could all basically the same with just a logo stuck on thefront of the ball.The ExperimentIndependent- what I am changingI am changing the air pressure between the experiments and I will be changing thebrand of football.Dependent- what I am measuringThe performance of a performer objet dart kicking a ball with different air pressures inside.Controlled- what is staying the sameI will agree the same pump and pressure gauge so that I have the same readings. Theair temperature in the room and also the altitude I carry out the experiment. Finally I willalso keep the same athlete to under take every proceeding.Material and Apparatus 1x Sports Hall 3 different types of footballs 1x Pump with a pressure gauge 1x suspensor 1x Thermometer 1x Football goals 1x Stopwatch 25 ConesMethod1)Set out 3 challenges for the Athlete to complete2)The first will be to kick the ball from a strobile 12 steps from a football goal and thehave to hit cones either corner of the goal.3)The second will be a dribbling exercise to test the players control on the ball. 10cones will be set up in a line separately one foot in front of each other and the playerhas to slalom through them.4)The third and final test will test the control of the player. I will through the ball intothe air and get them to control it on their chest and pass in through two coneswhich are 2 steps away from each other. The player will stand 10 steps awayfrom the cones.5)For each test I will record how many times they complete the chore out of 10attempts.6)Finally I will repeat this with each ball and at the different air pressures. I will havea anchor test at the recommend psi the ball manufacture gives.7)After this all completed I will ask the athlete which he felt was infract to get thisfeedback on the balls and the air pressure

The Religious Roots of the Festival of Halloween Essay Example for Free

The Religious Roots of the Festival of H entirelyoween EssayHalloween is an extremely enjoyable festival that occurs every(prenominal) year on October 31st. It is roughlyly celebrated in the United States and Britain and my talk today is associated with the British version of this holiday. Today many people see Halloween as a pleasurable holiday, for both adults and children. The celebrations of the ancient Celts are mum evident in modern festivities as you can see from the old traditions still skillful today. October 31st today is a time for dressing up, eating sweets, scaring both ourselves and each other and holding parties. Many people consider it to be their best-loved holiday of the year.Modern Halloween is all about dressing children in their favourite costumes, walking from house to house, collecting sweets and treats. Many families excessively decorate their homes and gardens with cobwebs, skeletons and jack-o-lanterns. However, the true origins of Halloween acce pt become almost unrecognisable in todays celebrations, although they do include many traditions that I will outline.Costuming The Celts wore these to ward of evil entities that were believed to be roaming the earth on that night. They could also be worn in few ceremonies as a symbol of becoming closer to their Gods. Later, when the festival turned to the Christian All Hallows Eve, people were still extremely superstitious and continued to disguise themselves by dressing in costume to confuse the spirits. Today, costumes of modern themes are worn on Halloween by children vent trick or treating and by adults seeking fun and amusement. Many parties that are held in honor of this festival are themed and ask for the guests to dress in costume. confound Or Treating Our modern custom of trick or treating may have originated from several similar old customs. I will just concentrate on wizard of these, a ninth-century European custom called souling. Children would walk from village to village begging for soul bars, made out of square pieces of bread with currants. For every cake that a child collected, he or she would have to say a prayer for the dead relatives of the person who gave the cake. At the time, it was believed that the dead remained in limbo for some time and that a prayer, even said by a stranger, could send the soul toheaven. Today, children walk from house to house asking for sweets, but not in exchange for prayers.Bobbing For Apples In Celtic tradition, apples were associated with female deities who controlled the paths of love and fertility. This may have had something to do with the pentagram (a star with five points) shape that you see when you part an apple in half. The pentagram was an important shape for the Celts and it was largely recognised as a Goddess symbol. The pentagram today is still used in passel telling and spell casting. The apples were used by the Celts in fortune telling in two main ways. The first is where we got the mo dern tradition of apple bobbing from. It was for fresh unmarried people, who would try to bite into an apple floating in water. The first person to bite into the apple would be the next one to marry. Peeling an apple was also a way to predict your life expectancy. If you cut off one long peel, you would live to an old age. If you only cut off a small peel, you would die young. Apples are still a big part of Halloween celebrations. In addition to apple bobbing, people also drink apple cider, rat candy apples and hand out apples to trick or treaters.Pumpkin Carving or jack-o-lanterns Although the Celts would bring home and ember from the communal bonfire in a hollowed out turnip, the direct tradition of jack-o-lanterns dates from 18th century Ireland. As told in a very popular Irish folk tale, the originator of the modern bozo-O-Lantern was a character named Stingy Jack. The story goes that that he convinced Satan to climb up a tree for some apples, and then cut crosses all aroun d the trunk so that the devil couldnt climb down. The devil promised to leave Stingy Jack alone forever, if he would let him down out of the tree. When Jack eventually died, he was turned away from heaven, due to his trickery and life of sin.But, in keeping with their agreement, the devil wouldnt take Jack either. He was cursed to go away forever as a spirit in limbo. As Jack left the gates of hell, the devil threw him a hot ember to light the way in the dark. Jack placed the ember in a hollowed-out turnip, and wandered off into the world. Folk Tradition held that they would ward off Stingy Jack and Other liven up on Halloween, and they also served as representations of the souls of the dead. Later, when Halloween festivalswere brought to America by the Irish, turnips were replaced with pumpkins which where much more plentiful and easier to carve. People began to cut frightening faces and other designs into their Jack-O-Lanterns, as they still do today.The festivities of modern Ha lloween are thought to be a combining of two separate celebrations. The first is a pre-Christian Celtic feast associated with the Celtic New Year. The import is the Christian celebration of All Saints Day (November 1st). The Celtic Feast of the New Year was celebrated on what would be November 1st on our calendar. This festival was cognize as All Hallowtide and was held to celebrate the New Year and would also signalize the close of the Harvest and the initiation of winter. But this Celtic festival was also a celebration to commemorate Samhain, the Feast Of The Dead.It was known as the Feast of The Dead because the Celts believed that on the last day of the year, (October 31st) the souls of the dead could return to their familys homes. It was believed that evil spirits, demons, ghosts and witches were also reconcile to roam around on this night and could be mollified with a feast. These frightening creatures would also leave you alone if you dressed like them and thus appeared to be one of them.The Christian Feast of All Saints transpired as a result of the many martyrs who died for their faith in Jesus Christ due to the persecutions of the Roman State against the Church. The most renowned of these were honored locally by the preservation of their relics and by the celebration of the anniversary of their death, as a feast in honor of their birth into perfect(a) life. At the end of the third century the martyrs became so many that in some places it was impossible to commemorate even the most significant of them. The need for a common feast of all martyrs was becoming evident. Beginning with Gregory III the celebration of a feast of All Saints was commemorated at St. Peters on November 1st.Halloween today is widely regarded as one of the most enjoyable ( if not frightening) festivals of the year.

A Comparison of Different Anti-Aging Strategies

A Comparison of Different Anti-Aging StrategiesAs a cracked exfoliating procedure, microdermabrasion (MDA) every 1 to 3 months depending on the scrape type would be a good preventive anti- senescence strategy. A combination of MDA with chemical peels is stabilising in photo agedness. MDA is always done first followed by the peel. Several studies support the efficacy of this regime for photoageing. Superficial glycolic acid peels and 5% retinoic acid brook been apply. MDA base also be employ as a transdermal drug delivery for various topical antioxidantsAmongst lasers, visible/ infrargond lasers and fragmentary lasers have been used for seventh cranial nerve rejuvenation. Light systems including intense pulse light systems (IPL), light emitting diodes (LED), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and infrared lights have been used for correcting colour and textural alterations. Radiofrequency ( RF), ultrasound and plasma resurfacing technologies are non-laser systems useful in tissue ti ghtening. Various devices have been developed which combine different technologies- the combination of electrical and optical energy techniques is termed as electrical and optical synergy (ELOS). whole these technologies for non- ablative nervus facialis rejuvenation have been discussed in depth in chapter 43.Microneedling with dermaroller or in combination with RF technology has shown good results for skin rejuvenation. 55,56 Hyaluronic acid, vitamins and idebenone have been used as mesosolutions for preventive and therapeutic anti- age benefits. 57 These therapies are frequently used in combination therapies.Botulinum toxin is chiefly indicated for dynamic lines correction (by reposeful the facial muscles) whereas fillers is indicated for the correction of volume loss which occurs with aging. For the upper 1/3rd face, botulinum toxin is the mainstay with hyaluronic acid as a supplement. Fillers are the mainstay for mid face, whereas a combination of toxin and fillers are needed for the lower 1/3rd face. 58 Autologous fat transfer, dermal fibroblasts and platelet rich plasma is now being used for volume enhancement in patients who do not desire artificial fillers.Thread lifts with polydioxanone (PDO) threads are being commonly used for lifting up of facial ease upging and is chiefly used for structural changes due to aging. It is frequently used in combination with other techniques.Combination therapy is the mainstay in management of aging face. Relax, Refill and Resurface are the three main Rs for facial rejuvenation. Combination therapy of fillers and botulinum toxin is superior and frequently used in facial rejuvenation for relaxing and refilling. This combination provides a three dimensional move up to correction of aging face. Use of chemical peels and lasers, lights and radiofrequency technologies help in effective resurfacing. A systematic approach should be adopted establish on the patient needs.An algorithmic and practical approach to management of the aging face in different decades of life based on authors experience has been outlined below. Illustration 50.6, 50.7 and 50.8Clinical case scenarios of aging face and the management in different age groups has been provided. builds 50.5 to 50.925 to 35 years Illustration 50.6 a and b / figure 50.5Clinical scenario Management in a 35 year old female concerns about periorbital folds and perioral lines class 50.5Products Sunscreens, moisturizersProcedures Treatment of tear troughs, marionette and faint nasolabial folds with injectable HA restylane. Thread lifts across the angles of the mouth.35 to 50 years Illustration 50.7 a and b/ Figure 50.6 a and bClinical scenario Management In 42 year old female homemaker with PIH to acne/ textural changesProducts Sunscreens, appropriate face washes, topical adapalene, non HQ skin cheer agent twice daily along with azithromycin pulse dosesProcedures Electrocautery of DPNs, Chemical peels with glycolic, salicylic and yellow peel at 2 w eekly intervals, counseled for laser rejuvenationIt is all-important(prenominal) to check for volume loss begins in this decade, however different parts of the face can age at varying rates. Mid facial sag is more evident with prominent nasolabial folds in this 40 year old lady. (Figure 50.7 a) Associated diseases such as diabetes mellitus or hypothyroidism should also be looked into, since it can hasten the aging process as seen in this obese lady with hypothyroidism. (Figure 50.7 b)50 years onwards- Illustration 50.8 a and b ( figure 50.8 and 50.9 a and b)Clinical scenario Management in a 60 year old male executive (Figure 50. 8)Products Sunscreens, moisturizers, Skin lightening agents initially the Kligmans triple combination cream containing (HQ 2%, tretinoin 0.05 and fluocinolone) on alternate night for 2 months followed by non HQ skin lightening agents.Procedures Chemical peels with glycolic 35 to 50%, salicylic and mandelic peels.3 HA syringes for his tear troughs, nasolabi al, marionette lines and bring up fold.6 monopolar radio frequency sittings.Clinical scenario Management in 50 year old menopausal home maker ( Figure 50.9)Products Sunscreens, moisturizer, Skin lightening cream with arbutin, niacinaminde, kojic and flavonoidsProcedures Electrocautery of DPNs, MDA 2 sessions, followed by chemical peels glycolic 35 to 50%, alternately in combination with lactic, salicylic, pyruvic and tretinoinThere has been tremendous advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of aging. knowledge about newer theories of aging and development of newer bioengineering techniques has led to a validated approach towards objective evaluation of various newer anti- aging products and procedures. Use of optical 3D skin imaging systems along with use of appropriate instrumental software has led to a standardized approach. 1Products Based on the newer aging theories, innovative anti- aging cosmeceuticals such as Sirtuin activating and anti- glycation products are being developed.59 Novel topical drug delivery systems for anti- aging products for example pectin micro and nano capsules of retinyl palmitate and nano lipoidal forms of isotretinoin are being developed. 60,61. systemic and topical anti-oxidants are complexed with chitin nanocrystals and these have a positive influence on aging skin. 62The interest and clinical research into the newer generation cosmeceuticals such as peptides, evolution factors, cytokines and stem cells is continually increasing and controlled studies on the relevance of these emerging products are being performed. 47 Use of phytohormones and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) for skin aging is unsounded in the nascent phase. 63,64Procedures Various devices including microneedles, microdermabrasion, electroporation, ultrasound and radiofrequency are now being used as transdermal delivery systems for the anti- aging actives. Amongst the novel use of injectables in anti- aging, mesobotox has been used for facial rejuvenation, and PRP, dermal fibroblasts, adipose tissue derived stem cells and autologous venous transplants have been used for soft tissue augmentation. 65,66 Amongst the technology based devices, non-ablative halfway lasers and radiofrequency is being increasingly used for rejuvenation of the aging skin. Newer wavelengths are being developed for example infrared laser at 1565nm and a new fractional 1940 nm laser consisting of thulium rod pumped by pulsed alexandrite laser.67,68 The shift towards combination of technologies and home based devices is seen amongst the various technology based equipment for anti- aging. RF devices are being developed in combination with other technologies or devices such as microneedling, ultrasound, cryolipolysis, LEDs and lasers. Home based non ablative diode and radiofrequency devices are being investigated for their graphic symbol in photorejuvenation. 69To conclude, the process of aging begins early in life. Both the patient and t he dermatologist need to accept the factors which cannot be set, identify the factors which can be treated and adopt evidence based preventive and corrective modalities for management of the aging face. It is the duty and responsibility of a dermatologist to provide appropriate anti-aging measures based on the patients needs and at different decades of life.Skin aging is a continuous process and begins early in life. Cutaneous aging can be classified advertisement as intrinsic and extrinsic types both of which have classical clinical and histological manifestations. Understanding the pathomechanisms and newer concepts of skin aging has helped in designing optimal anti-aging strategies. A detailed history taking, clinical examination and needs assessment helps to formulate an appropriate treatment schedule. During evaluation of an aging face, changes in the three major characteristics-colour, textural and regulate should be assessed. An objective evaluation can be done by standard ized documentation and use of various grading/ rating systems. The preventive aspects complicate avoiding exogenous factors such as smoking, stress and UV radiation along with adoption of correct lifestyle habits in the form of regular exercise and a balanced diet. The corrective aspects include use of appropriate anti- aging products and procedures based on the age and needs of the patients. Anti- aging products include antioxidants, cell regulators (retinods, alpha hydroxyl radical acids, peptides, growth factors, cytokines, stem cells) and hormone replacement therapy. The adjectival modalities of treatment include basic procedures (electrocautery, microdermabrasion and chemical peels), use of technology based devices (lasers, lights, radiofrequency) and injectables (botulinum toxin, fillers, fat transfer, PRP, microneedling and mesotherapy). Combination of procedural therapies is most effective. Management of an aging skin should be done on a long-term basis and should be tailo r made based on the needs assessment of an individual.